Applying biochar to soil has been shown to improve carbon sequestration and soil health, and remediate contaminated soil and water resources. Biochar is valuable as a nutrient source and a soil amendment, to remediate contaminated soil and aquatic ecosystems.

Plastics can pollute the air, land and water during all stages of their life cycle from manufacture to disposal. Synthetic plastics do not biodegrade and tend to accumulate in the environment. Particulate plastics of varying physical size fractions are becoming major sources of pollutants in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.